ANSWERS FOR LESSON 6 EX.C

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the referent is "office".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We can only use whom to refer to people - here the referent is "office".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

Yes, that's right. We use which to refer to things - here the referent is "office".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

Yes, that's right. We can use that to refer to "office" as this is a defining clause.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

Yes, that's right. We can omit the relative pronoun in a defining clause where the subject of the relative clause is not the referent.

eg This is the house Jack built.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

Yes, that's right. We use who to refer to people - here the referent is "girl".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

Yes, that's right. We can use whom to refer to girl as this is the object of the relative clause.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

No, that's wrong. We should not use which to refer to people - here the referent is "girl".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

Yes, that's right. We can use that to refer to "girl" as this is a defining clause.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

Yes, that's right. We can omit the relative pronoun in a defining clause where the subject of the relative clause is not the referent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

Yes, that's right. We use who to refer to people - here the referent is "woman".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We should not use whom because the referent "woman" is also the subject of of the verb in the relative clause. So we must use 'who'.

eg The man who shot Liberty Vallance.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

No, that's wrong. We should not use which to refer to people - here the referent is "woman".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

Yes, that's right. We can use that in defining relative clauses, which this is.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. Here the referent is the same as the subject in the defining relative clause, so we need the relative pronoun.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

Yes, that's right. We use who to refer to people - here the referent is "man".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

Yes, that's right. We use whom to refer to people  when the referent is not the same as the subject of the relative clause - here the referent is "man".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

No, that's wrong. We should not use which to refer to people - here the referent is "man".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

Yes, that's right. We can use that in defining relative clauses, which this is.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

Yes, that's right. We can omit the relative pronoun in a defining clause where the subject of the relative clause is not the referent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the referent is "tram".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We can only use whom to refer to people - here the referent is "tram". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

Yes, that's right. We use which to refer to things - here the referent is "tram".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

No, that's wrong. We cannot use that here to refer to "tram" as this is a non-defining clause, so we need to use 'which'. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. This is a non-defining clause so we cannot omit the relative pronoun.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We can only use whom to refer to people - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

Yes, that's right. We should use which after a preposition to refer to things - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

No, that's wrong. We cannot use that as a relative pronoun following a preposition - use 'which'.

eg for which, by which, on which, to which

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. After a preposition we must have a relative pronoun - it cannot be omitted here. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We can only use whom to refer to people - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

Yes, that's right. We should use which after a preposition to refer to things - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

No, that's wrong. We cannot use that as a relative pronoun following a preposition - use 'which'.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. After a preposition we must have a relative pronoun - it cannot be omitted here. However, the preposition could also be omitted here as the "film" is not the subject of the relative clause, so then zero relative pronoun is possible. 

eg The film I'm referring to directly criticizes the government.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We can only use whom to refer to people - here the referent is "film". 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

Yes, that's right. Use which to refer to 'something'.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

Yes, that's right. We can use that in defining relative clauses, which this is.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. We can only omit the relative pronoun in a defining clause where the subject of the relative clause is not the referent. Here the subject 'something' of the main clause is also the subject of the relative clause, so we must have a relative pronoun.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

Yes, that's right. We can oly use who to refer to people  when the referent is the same as the subject of the relative clause - here the referent is "sister".

This clause could be defining if I have more than one sister and only one sings in a pop group. It could be non-defining if it is simply adding information. The latter case is normally written with commas to delimit the relative clause.

eg My sister, who sings in a pop group, was on television last week.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We use whom to refer to people  when the referent is not the same as the subject of the relative clause - here the referent is "sister" who is the same as the subject of the relative clause. So we can only use 'who'.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

No, that's wrong. We use which to refer to things, not people - here the referent is "sister".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

Right or wrong, depending on whether the clause is interpreted as defining or non-defining.  In a defining clause we can use 'that', if it is a non-defining clause, then we should use 'who'.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. Whether the clause is defining  or non-defining, there must be a relative pronoun as the referent ("sister") is the same as the subject of the relative clause.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

who

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the clause refers to the whole event of "changing money".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

whom

No, that's wrong. We can only use who to refer to people - here the clause refers to "changing money".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which

Yes, that's right. We use which to refer to something that happened - here it refers to "changing money".  This is a non-defining clause.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

that

No, that's wrong. We cannot use that here to refer to "changing money" as this is a non-defining clause, so we need to use 'which'. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

No, that's wrong. This is a non-defining clause so we cannot omit the relative pronoun.